nursingoadmin Propranolol is the prototype of beta blocking drugs. Propranolol is the standard drug against which newer developed beta blockers compared for systemic use. Propranolol is non-selective beta blocker i.e. it can block both β1 and β2 receptors. GENERIC NAME: Propranolol BRAND NAME Inderal, Bedranol SR, Dositon, Sumial. MECHANISM OF ACTION Propranolol is non-selective beta … Read more
Beta blockers are competitive inhibitors at beta adrenergic receptors and counter the effects of catecholamines such as epinephrine and nor-epinephrine. This action leads to decrease sympathetic effects mainly on cardiovascular system. This is why beta blockers are useful in treatment of cardiovascular diseases i.e. hypertension, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias. Some beta blockers are also used … Read more
PHENYLALKYLAMINE: VERAPAMIL GENERAL DESCRIPTION Verapamil is the first clinically available Calcium channel blocker. It is it is an alkaloid vasodilator. Verapamil is less potent calcium channel blocker than amlodipine but more potent than diltiazem. GENERIC NAME: Verapamil BRAND NAME Calan, Isoptin, Verelan MECHANISM OF ACTION Cardiovascular response of verapamil is shown in following steps Firstly, … Read more
BENZOTHIAZEPINE: DILTIAZEM GENERAL DESCRIPTION Diltiazem is less potent calcium channel blockers than verapamil and dihydrpyridines. It belongs to the benzothiazepine group of calcium channel blockers. Diltiazem is extensively used as antianginal and antiarrhythmic drug. To control tachycardia, diltiazem is also given after antithyroid therapy in such patient where beta blockers are contraindicated. GENERIC NAME: Diltiazem … Read more
Dihyropyridine: Amlodipine GENERAL DESCRIPTION Amlodipine is a good choice of drug for elderly patients. Amlodipine has no effects on heart rate like other calcium channel blockers. Amlodipine is more potent than verapamil and diltiazem. GENERIC NAME: Amlodipine BRAND NAME: Norvasc, Acord, Amlibon MECHANISM OF ACTION Amlodipine produce both peripheral arterial vasodilation and coronary dilation. Cardiovascular … Read more
GENERAL DESCRIPTION Calcium Channel Blockers are used to block voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel are called Calcium channel blockers. The main action of this drug is vasodilation. These drugs are used to treat many cardio vascular disease including hypertension, arrhythmia and angina pectoris. Dihyropyridines are more potent vasodilators than Verapamil, which is more potent than diltiazem. TYPES … Read more
GENERAL DESCRIPTION Losartan belongs to angiotensin receptor blockers. It is very potent drug and given orally. Losartan is well tolerated in patients with heart failure than other ARBs GENERIC NAME: Losartan BRAND NAME: Cozaar MECHANISM OF ACTION Captopril is angiotensin II receptor blocker. It competitively blocks the AT1 receptor where angiotensin II is attached and … Read more
Angiotensin receptor blockers or Angiotensin receptor antagonists are also known as ‘ARBs’, ‘AT1 receptor blockers’ or ‘sartans’. ARBs have similar hypotensive effects that of ACE inhibitors. These drugs mainly use in patient with hypertension or following myocardial infarction. It case vasorelaxation. ARBs are preferred than other antihypertensive agents in diabetic patient because these drugs reduce … Read more
CAPTOPRIL GENERIC NAME: Captopril BRAND NAME: Capoten, Acepril, Capozide GENERAL DESCRIPTION Captopril is the first and potent ACE inhibitors. It is also called vasoactive peptide. It is the only ACE inhibitor that has the capability to enter the central nervous system by crossing the blood brain barrier. Captopril is used as the first line treatment … Read more
ACE Inhibitors or Angiotensin converting enzymes inhibitors are also called vasoactive peptides because of their direct effect on blood vessels. ACE inhibitors are widely used medicine and first line of treatment in hypertension and congestive heart failure. ACE inhibitors decrease systemic vascular resistance without increasing heart rate and also promotes natriuresis. List of Common ACE … Read more